Some indoor pests can just be a nuisance; others can also be a health risk. Did you know that cockroaches and rodents are known to trigger asthma symptoms and lead to the development of allergic asthma for some people? This month, we recognize Asthma Awareness Month and share how you can reduce indoor allergens from these pests.
Indoor infestations of cockroaches and rodents such as rats or mice are strong risk factors for the development of allergic asthma, especially in low-income, urban populations. Cockroach allergens can be found in the insect’s body parts, saliva, and fecal matter. Rodent allergens can be found in their urine, hair, and dander. Areas with more of these pests, such as urban environments, will inevitably have more allergens present. When these allergens become airborne, they can contaminate the air and settle in carpeting, pillows, bedding or other dust-trapping fabrics.
Reduce Pest Allergens Indoors
- Clean up sources of food. Store food and garbage in sealed, air-tight containers that pests can’t get into. Regularly clean dishes and take out the garbage. Clean food storage areas to remove spills or crumbs.
- Fix leaky pipes and reduce sources of moisture. A dehumidifier may be helpful.
- Launder or vacuum items that can trap allergens, such as upholstered furniture, bedding, rugs, or carpets. Consider using a vacuum with a HEPA filter or triple filters, wearing an N95 mask while cleaning, or having the allergic person leave the home while cleaning to reduce exposure to allergens that get stirred up. Dust mite proof or allergen covers can be used to protect pillows and mattresses from collecting cockroach or rodent allergens.
- Eliminate entry points. Use door sweeps and weatherstripping to keep cockroaches out. Seal small gaps or cracks with caulking. Mice can enter through holes larger than ¼ inch and rats through holes larger than ½ inch. Seal any openings with steel wool, metal, or screens as rodents can chew through softer materials like foam and wood.
- Remove hiding spots for pests. Dense vegetation outside of the home can harbor pests. Move woodpiles or other debris further from the home. Clean up items on the floor indoors, such as boxes.
- Avoid pesticide sprays as these can worsen indoor allergens and air quality. Use baits or traps to monitor and control cockroaches and rodents.
To learn more about managing these pests, see UC IPM’s fact sheets Pest Notes: Cockroaches, Rats, and House Mouse. For information on how to prevent allergies and improve indoor air quality, visit https://aafa.org/allergies/prevent-allergies/healthier-home-indoor-air-quality/.
